When a tractor is operating in the field, it's easy for it to drift off course. This not only makes the operation more difficult but also accelerates wear on the machine's components and negatively impacts the quality of the work. Therefore, it's important to be attentive and take preventive measures to avoid such issues.
1. **Plowing**
During plowing operations with a hand tractor, especially when using a unidirectional double plow, one driving wheel may not be on the tilled land while the other is in the furrow. This creates an uneven coefficient of adhesion between the two wheels, leading to different slip ratios and causing the tractor to drift in one direction. For the Dongfeng 12-type walking tractor, you can make adjustments to correct this. Adjust the gap between the left and right adjusting screws and the intermediate connecting frame on the drawbar (swinging clearance). For the 681 single-direction double hoe, set it to about 1.5 mm, and for the 1LS 220 and 701 single-direction double plows, adjust them to approximately 5 mm. If the tractor still drifts to the right during plowing, loosen the fastening screws, rotate the left adjustment screw extension, and turn the right one until the handlebars are released, allowing the tractor to move straight along the furrow walls.
2. **Rotary Tilling**
During rotary tillage, drifting can occur due to several reasons: deformed rear wheels, improper assembly of the tail shaft, misaligned tail wheel, damaged or worn-out bearings on the tail shaft, or incorrectly installed or broken coulters. When deviation happens, address the issue by correcting, repairing, reinstalling, or replacing the affected parts. Avoid adjusting the steering clutch before resolving the problem; instead, use a method of pushing or pulling the handlebar frame to correct the direction.
3. **Sowing Operations**
When using a tractor for sowing, there are multiple configurations involved, such as the ABQ-8 grain planter or the ZBG-6A rice seeder. The main cause of deviation during sowing is often inconsistent installation height of the sowing head or furrow opener, asymmetry in the direction of sowing, or incorrect configuration or damage to the rotary cutting coulter. These issues create unequal resistance and generate torsional moments, causing the unit to deviate. Before sowing, carefully inspect the planter’s condition, ensure the rotary coulters are properly configured and installed, and make sure the sowing head is symmetrically positioned at the same height for optimal performance.
4. **Harvesting**
Walking tractors are typically equipped with 4GL-130 harvesters. The primary reason for deviation during harvesting is uneven cutting clearance, which leads to varying cutting resistance. Differences in the height of the knife blades, inconsistent cutting heights, improper selection of cutting width, or uneven ground conditions can all contribute to this problem. Address each issue based on its specific cause to ensure smooth and accurate harvesting.
5. **Trenching Operations**
Manual tractors are commonly used with 1KSQ-35A (front type) or 1KSH-35A (rear type) small disc trenchers for digging field drains. Poor linearity during trenching is usually caused by excessive centerline deviation between the cutterhead and the tractor's drive axle, distorted cutterheads, deformed racks, or improperly installed or broken coulters. Regularly check and correct the cutterhead and frame alignment, install the rotary coulters correctly, and adjust the cutterhead position as needed. If a coulter breaks or falls off, stop the machine immediately and replace the damaged part to prevent further issues.
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